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Social Determinants of Health for NZ Strategy - myassignmenthelp

Question: Examine about theSocial Determinants of Health for NZ Health Strategy. Answer: Presentation Social determinants of wellbeing (SDOH) are the circumstances where individuals live, learn, work and age. These conditions are the significant reasons for wellbeing disparities in New Zealand. This task will talk about the idea of SDOH comparable to a chose look into article and appropriate writing. Right off the bat, the task will investigate the idea of SDOH. Besides, it will talk about how SDOH impact wellbeing regarding the chose examine article. At long last, it will clarify how the NZ Health Strategy (2016) plans to improve wellbeing and wellbeing in Aotearoa New Zealand. The idea of SDOH SDOH comprise of various covering that impact wellbeing and prosperity. A large portion of the elements start during childbirth including science and hereditary qualities, sex, culture and family impacts on solid kid development. A portion of the components greaterly affect wellbeing and prosperity than others. The family factors incorporate the financial assets for the guardians to give essential needs to kids, training level of guardians and adequate social help (McMurray Clendon, 2015, p. 10). For better social help, the guardians ought to approach work openings or sufficient pay source. It is obvious that a portion of these SDOH are established in the political and monetary condition since strategy choices influence network life. Thus, there are different auxiliary conditions inside the SDOH. For example, the social advancement of a network expects structures to make work just as a domain that bolsters solid ways of life (McMurray, Clendon, 2011, p. 11). Individuals inside the ne twork expect access to clean water, air and healthful nourishments at reasonable costs. Also, emergency clinics and wellbeing experts who are available on request make the bigger structure of a social situation (McMurray Clendon, 2015, p. 10). Obviously, the idea of SDOH is wide and includes factors inside the control and outside the ability to control of the individuals, and that is the reason a portion of the SDOH are tended to through government approaches. How SDOH may impact wellbeing Gunasekara, F. I., Carter, K., Mckenzie, S. (2013). Income?related wellbeing imbalances in working age people in Australia and New Zealand. Australian New Zealand Journal of Public Health, 37(3), 211?217. doi:10.1111/1753?6405.12061 This segment examines how SDOH may impact wellbeing concerning the exploration by Gunasekara and partners. The creators intended to assess pay connected disparities in wellbeing in working-age guys and females in Australia and New Zealand. They used information from two longitudinal examinations to analyze focus records that assess the circulation of general and psychological wellness connected personal satisfaction (QOL) scores across pay in working-age guys and females. Also, decay assessments of the focus lists were performed to decide the impact of various factors on the salary related wellbeing imbalance. This examination unwound that pay, territorial hardship and inertia in the workforce were essential drivers of salary related wellbeing disparity. All in all, the creators note that pay and business are the main sources of wellbeing disparity in New Zealand (Gunasekara, Carter, Mckenzie, 2013, p. 211). This examination is pertinent to article theme since it is established on th e incongruities in wellbeing status and imbalances in wellbeing with an attention on financial position. The discoveries of this examination are like a few different investigations that have discovered that SDOH impact wellbeing straightforwardly. One ongoing investigation found that the Maori, Pacific and others with low financial status (SES) are at a higher danger of creating constant sicknesses contrasted with those with high SES. This distinction brings about high mortality and dreariness among the Maori and Pacific individuals (Sheridan et al., 2011, p. 45). Aside from these effects, the distinction in salaries likewise causes other wellbeing disparities. Shamshirgaran et al. (2013, p. 1223), directed an investigation to decide the impact of SES on the event of type II diabetes. They found that the occurrence of diabetes was higher in retirees and jobless individuals contrasted with the individuals who were utilized. Further, the occurrence of diabetes was commonly high in people with low livelihoods. This examination inferred that SES is an autonomous indicator of diabetes. Low SES can bring about the event of diabetes because of different variables. People with low livelihoods may need wellbeing proficiency on the avoidance of ceaseless sicknesses (Benjamin, 2010, p. 784). They may likewise need access to legitimate eating regimens and activities that help to forestall the event of diabetes. This contention is bolstered by inquire about performed by Grant and associates. In their examination, they researched the weight of transmittable maladies in Maori kids and non-transferable conditions among the grown-ups corresponding to destit ution. Neediness was seen as a significant supporter of transferable and non-transmittable sicknesses in this populace. Because of neediness, pregnant ladies need access to nutritious nourishments bringing about unforeseen weakness of their kids. A Recent report additionally affirms that region hardship in New Zealand prompts unexpected frailty. It has been discovered that a noteworthy number of the Maori individuals live in districts viewed as denied in the nation and this consider results wellbeing disparities (Bcares, Cormack, Harris, 2013, p. 76). Region hardship is straightforwardly connected with unforeseen weakness in view of inconsistent access to wellbeing administrations and work openings. How the NZ Health Strategy (2016) plans to help wellbeing and health in Aotearoa New Zealand The NZ Health Strategy (2016) comprises of five columns intended to improve the strength of the New Zealanders. The five columns additionally diagram an arrangement to help wellbeing and health in Aotearoa New Zealand. Individuals controlled: This column is steady with the Maori Health Strategy. The methodology recommends that people utilizing medicinal services administrations expect approaches to meet their quick and future needs. In that capacity, the individuals fueled methodology champions the commitment of Maori in dynamic on social insurance administrations. Closer to home: This system advocates for bring care nearer to the individuals. It contends that various methodologies can be utilized to offer consideration to the individuals who live in remote zones. For example, the utilization of telehealth, outreach centers and versatile vans can be utilized to arrive at the denied territories (Minister of Health, 2016, p. 19). This system intends to utilize non-legislative associations to bring care nearer to the individuals. It refers to the case of Maori and Pacific methodologies and models, which can be grasped to make care moderate and available. Another arrangement is to utilize the Maori wellbeing system. The Maori wellbeing system would involve the utilization of populace based techniques to forestall long haul sicknesses and advance more advantageous decisions. Worth and superior: For Aotearoa New Zealand, this procedure expects to concentrate on Pacific local gathering. It intends to upgrade the nature of medicinal services for the populace bunches that face imbalances explicitly the Maori individuals. This key arrangement would be accomplished by wiping out infrastructural, physical and monetary obstructions to offer great wellbeing administrations. One group: This vital arrangement understands the need to limit hindrances that restrain individuals from using their aptitudes completely. It focuses to enable Maori wellbeing suppliers. The help for Maori wellbeing suppliers may incorporate the arrangement of wellbeing proficiency training. Additionally, it could involve offering people chances to contribute in the structuring of the wellbeing framework (Minister of Health, 2016, p. 29). Shrewd framework: The wellbeing framework imagines the utilization of savvy frameworks to offer consideration to the hindered networks. The shrewd framework would involve the utilization of innovation, for example, telehealth, which can be utilized to contact individuals in country territories (Dinesen et al., 2016, p. e53). End As obvious in this task, SDOH bring about wellbeing disparities in New Zealand. In view of the chose article, salary, local hardship and dormancy in the work power are huge reasons for wellbeing imbalances. Individuals from low SES are probably going to encounter unexpected weakness thought about those from high SES. The NZ Health Strategy of (2016) means to lessen these imbalances by improving access and planning socially delicate wellbeing administrations. References Bcares, L., Cormack, D., Harris, R. (2013). Ethnic thickness and region hardship: Neighborhood impacts on M?ori wellbeing and racial segregation in Aotearoa/New Zealand. Sociology Medicine, 88, 76-82. doi: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2013.04.007 Benjamin, R. M. (2010). Improving wellbeing by improving wellbeing education. General Health Reports, 125(6), 784-785. doi: 10.1177/003335491012500602 Dinesen, B., Nonnecke, B., Lindeman, D., Toft, E., Kidholm, K., Jethwani, K., ... Gutierrez, M. (2016). Customized telehealth later on: a worldwide research motivation. Diary of clinical Internet investigate, 18(3), e53. doi: 10.2196/jmir.5257 Award, C. C., Wall, C. R., Yates, R., Crengle, S. (2010). Sustenance and indigenous wellbeing in New Zealand. Diary of pediatrics and kid wellbeing, 46(9), 479-482. doi: 10.1111/j.1440-1754.2010.01842.x. Gunasekara, F. I., Carter, K., Mckenzie, S. (2013). Income?related wellbeing imbalances in working age people in Australia and New Zealand. Australian New Zealand Journal of Public Health, 37(3), 211?217. doi:10.1111/1753?6405.12061 McMurray, A., Clendon, J. (2015). Network wellbeing and health: Primary social insurance by and by (fifth ed.). Chatswood, Australia: Elsevier Australia. McMurray, A., Clendon, J. (2011). Network wellbeing and health: Primary social insurance by and by. Chatswood, Australia: Elsevier Australia. Pastor of Health. (2016). New Zealand Health Stra

How to Find Appropriate Essay Topics For Your College Or University Course

How to Find Appropriate Essay Topics For Your College Or University CourseLooking at the big picture, there are many ways to select essay topics. There are some key places to go to get those essays published and accepted for a college or university course.Many national and international affairs scholars will often be writing about the Vietnam War. Some students want to write about this time period because it is one of the most recognized in American history and because it was the last major war between the United States and an Asian power. But it also helps to take a look at where you are in life and what your goals are.You can never get too many essay topics that include the Vietnam War. It is well-known for bringing people together and making friendships. It brought people to their senses, to see the darkness in the world, even if it was their own country and themselves.Many students consider that they should write on topics that will help them learn more about their topic or how t hey can help others. They write on subjects like human rights, human interests, and animal welfare. Many times these topics will come back to the Vietnam War. If they choose not to write about the Vietnam War, they might still get some of the recognition that they are looking for.The senior class is the place for a student to write about how they are different from other students. There are other types of groups for students to learn about things like race, gender, nationality, and social status. These are topics that can be written about, but they must come with a specific reason and academic explanation.Essay topics on the Vietnam War can be written for a certain category or country. For example, if the essay is about Japan's role in World War II, the essay must use specific and precise vocabulary. The same applies to the Vietnam War.The military is a good example of a group of people who did not come out very well during the Vietnam War. Many Vietnam War veterans are now looking for support groups. The essay topics on the Vietnam War and veterans may help the veterans find someone to talk to.Most students interested in the Vietnam War are adults who want to do something for a cause. It does not matter what they do. The military veterans are looking for support and advice. Students interested in the Vietnam War should write on topics that help them learn about the war, and the veterans are looking for the same thing.

What Half Life Means for Evolution

Perhaps the most widely used evidence for the theory of evolution through natural selection is the fossil record. The fossil record may be incomplete and may never fully completed, but there are still many clues to evolution and how it happens within the fossil record. One way that helps scientists place fossils into the correct era on the geologic time scale is by using radiometric dating. Also called absolute dating, scientists use the decay of radioactive elements within the fossils or the rocks around the fossils to determine the age of the organism that was preserved. This technique relies on the property of half-life. What Is Half-Life? Half-life is defined as the time it takes for one-half of a radioactive element to decay into a daughter isotope. As radioactive isotopes of elements decay, they lose their radioactivity and become a brand new element known as a daughter isotope. By measuring the ratio of the amount of the original radioactive element to the daughter isotope, scientists can determine how many half-lives the element has undergone and from there can figure out the absolute age of the sample. The half-lives of several radioactive isotopes are known and are used often to figure out the age of newly found fossils. Different isotopes have different half-lives and sometimes more than one present isotope can be used to get an even more specific age of a fossil. Below is a chart of commonly used radiometric isotopes, their half-lives, and the daughter isotopes they decay into. Example of How to Use Half-Life Lets say you found a fossil you think to be a human skeleton. The best radioactive element to use to date human fossils is Carbon-14. There are several reasons why, but the main reasons is that Carbon-14 is a naturally occurring isotope in all forms of life and its half-life is about 5730 years, so we are able to use it to date more recent forms of life relative to the geologic time scale. You would need to have access to scientific instruments at this point that could measure the amount of radioactivity in the sample, so off to the lab we go! After you prepare your sample and put it into the machine, your readout says you have approximately 75% Nitrogen-14 and 25% Carbon-14. Now it is time to put those math skills to good use. At one half-life, you would have approximately 50% Carbon-14 and 50% Nitrogen-14. In other words, half (50%) of the Carbon-14 you started with has decayed into the daughter isotope Nitrogen-14. However, your readout from your radioactivity measuring instrument says you have only 25% Carbon-14 and 75% Nitrogen-14, so your fossil must have been through more than one half-life. After two half-lives, another half of your leftover Carbon-14 would have decayed into Nitrogen-14. Half of 50% is 25%, so you would have 25% Carbon-14 and 75% Nitrogen-14. This is what your readout said, so your fossil has undergone two half-lives. Now that you know how many half-lives have passed for your fossil, you need to multiply your number of half-lives by how many years are in one half-life. This gives you an age of 2 x 5730 11,460 years. Your fossil is of an organism (maybe human) that died 11,460 years ago. Commonly Used Radioactive Isotopes Parent Isotope Half-Life Daughter Isotope Carbon-14 5730 yrs. Nitrogen-14 Potassium-40 1.26 billion yrs. Argon-40 Thorium-230 75,000 yrs. Radium-226 Uranium-235 700,000 million yrs. Lead-207 Uranium-238 4.5 billion yrs. Lead-206

Terrorism A Global Rebirth Of Attacks - 1405 Words

Terrorism has occurred throughout history, but today the world is experiencing a global rebirth of attacks. Today, it no longer affects only small societies, such as isolated third world countries who fell victim to regular terrorist attacks; but the whole world is becoming more familiar with terrorist groups, like ISIS, and more. Terrorism can be defined as â€Å"the deliberate creation of fear to bring out political change.† (Nancy Ing and Page 3). All terrorist acts involve violence or the threat of violence, and these violent threats or acts are usually committed by non governmental groups, governmental groups, individuals who are serving or have served in the military, law enforcement agencies, intelligence agencies, or governmental agencies of an established nation. Terrorists attempt not only to create panic, but to weaken the confidence in the government, political leadership, and people of the targeted country. The terrorism that is on the rise today has informed ci tizens all over the world about different types of terrorism. Also, with the resurgence the world is experiencing of terrorism, the nation s have been taking extreme measures as a result of the attacks, so that they can eliminate terrorism. The Paris attacks signal a new and far more challenging phase of the era that began on September 11, 2001. As awful as that day was, Al-Qaeda was centrally directed and could be centrally disrupted. Unfortunately, this has not been the case with the terrorist group knownShow MoreRelatedThe External Environment : Isis Essay1483 Words   |  6 PagesExogenous environment: ISIS remains as major threat that shakes stability of entire region, and furthermore, carry out numerous terror attacks in several European countries. In addition, mass shootings and numerous terror attacks on U.S soul have occurred. 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Inplant Training Report on Textile Industry free essay sample

There are 26 aided rouses of which 10 are undergraduate programmers. There are 11 self- financing programmers out of which 3 are postgraduate programmers. More innovative and job oriented courses come under self-financing programmers. The student strength for the college is 2647 of which 2324 are the undergraduate and 323 are postgraduate students. All the students hail from the same locality. There are altogether 142 teaching staff. Thirteen of the staff are Ph. D. Holders, 83 are M. Phil. Holders and the rest with postgraduate qualifications.The number of administrative staff including technical staff is The unit cost of education for the aided courses is RSI. 7524/- and for the self, financing courses is RSI. 4478/-. The temporal plan of academic work is the semester system. Section 2: Criterion-wise Analysis Criterion I: Curricular aspects The Velar College was established with a clear mission for empowerment of women, through diverse educational programmers. With this noble mission many curricular / academic programmers were developed and implemented through aided programmers initially. We will write a custom essay sample on Inplant Training Report on Textile Industry or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Later on self-finance courses are also being offered by the college. Although diverse programmers and infrastructure facilities are being provided, the management needs to focus n programmers with social and economic relevance to meet the challenges and present needs of the society. The College has Science, Arts and Commerce Faculties and all the academic programmers are guided by the University in terms of syllabi, examinations and evaluation, which leave little scope for innovative programmers to be offered by the college. It is significant to note that college has made efforts to introduce some job-oriented courses on self-financing basis such as Bio- Chemistry, Computer Science, Computer Applications, Food Nutrition, Co- operation, Corporate Secretariats, Finance Control and Business Management. The curricular options are more academic oriented than career oriented. There are core courses and non-core options. There are foundation courses for creating general awareness and application oriented courses.If there are some courses on entrepreneurship management included in the curricular options, a graduate will be in a better position to generate employment for herself and others. At present the college does not have any mechanism to obtain feed back from academic peers, students and employers on the curriculum followed by the college. There is an urgent need to evolve a mechanism to formulate innovative programmers and modify existing programmer to suit the socio- economic environment Of the region. The industry institutional interaction may be explored to improve the quality of the academic programmers. As a women college, there is a need to initiate a Centre for women studies, which will enhance the scope for introducing more innovative and relevant courses in the curriculum. Recognized research guides for M. Phil. And/or Ph. D. Research scholars are available in History, English, Botany and Commerce departments. Masters courses in History, English, Commerce, Food Nutrition, Finance Control ND Computer Applications are offered.Master of Finance Control has immense scope for employment opportunities. Some of these professional courses need to be strengthened by involving practicing professionals to interact with the students on a regular basis. It may be noted that in the academic evaluation of the aided colleges undertaken by the Directorate of Collegiate Education, Government of Tamil Nadia, in 1998-99. Velar College for Women ranked 28th among the 141 colleges for undergraduate courses and 1 7th among 117 colleges running postgraduate courses. Criterion II: Teaching-learning and EvaluationTeaching, Learning and Evaluation constitute the crux of the quality of educational services. In an effective system of education, appropriate inputs need to be given to get the desirable output. To do this the institution needs to be in a position to judge the students knowledge and offer the remedial courses to get them prepared for that course. It is desirable, therefore, to identify weaker students right at the beginning of the academic session, immediately after the admission to the first year, and offer remedial courses.The teaching process adopted by a few teachers is commendable. While a few cheers have adopted innovative and newer methods of teaching, many need to switch over to a more efficient methodology of teaching. The college should make available latest educational technology and encourage the staff and students to use such aids more frequently. The College is quite strong on co-curricular activities. Students take part in cultural activities. Some students are proficient in Physical activities like Karate, gymnastics and sports. College encourages sports activities of the students.Some of the students of the college, in the past, were members of the university team and participated at the national level sports meets. Most noteworthy achievement of the students of the college is the participation of two NC cadets in the Republic Day Parade at New Delhi. One of the girls has also participated in a mountaineering expedition at Trashiest in the Grammar Himalayas. Some students actively take part in inter collegiate debates, quizzes and other competitions. The examination is conducted by the University at the end of the semester. However, the college should encourage teachers to adopt a creative and innovative evaluation process to identify the extent of knowledge absorption by the students so that remedial measures can be initiated. Teacher recruitment is done according to the rules and procedures laid down by the government. The selection of teachers is done through written tests, demonstration lectures in a classroom followed by an interview. The process of appointing teachers in the Self-financing departments will have to be reviewed and more rigorous procedure could be adopted.Faculty development programmers should be initiated by the college with a multi-pronged approach, consisting of, short term programmers arranged in the college in different departments by inviting experts and guest faculty from national level teaching and research institutes. Faculty should be encouraged and also be given financial support to attend Faculty development t programmers. The students evaluation of teachers may be furth er strengthened at both undergraduate and postgraduate levels. It is also highly essential to monitor the teaching practices by a well-designed procedure and reward good and innovative teachers.There are teachers with good academic and research output in some departments of Velar College for Women, only their tribe should increase. College does not have any national or international level linkages and tie-ups for research or teaching. There is an urgent need for the college to look up for such linkages for its own development. Criterion Ill: Research, Consultancy and Extension Velar College has very few teachers involved in active research. Since the college is still developing postgraduate departments, the research output and the research culture is yet to be enhanced.The Department of Physics, Commerce, History and English have procured grants from ICC towards minor research project Although the staff has the freedom to publish their research in academic forum, only few faculty members were able to avail of this opportunity. Currently research programmers are being conducted only in mom grant in aid departments. Faculty, currently, are not doing any individual or institutional consultancy work although there is a lot Of scope for Some of the departmental staff to take up consultancy work.Industry-institutional interface will promote research and consultancy operations. It is encouraging to note that the college has undertaken a number of extension activities like INS, Surgical, Youth Red Cross and NC to promote community services. Faculty and students have participated in outreach programmers like medical camp, tree plantation, blood donation camps and adopting orphanages. Some of the extension activities are implemented in collaboration with Nags and GOES such as Penchant, Government Hospital, Department of Forestry, etc.Tindal and Congressionally are adopted by INS where they constructed bus stop shelter for the villagers, white washing and painting the school and renovating water tank and constructi on of platform for school. They have conducted awareness programmer on Yoga in daily life, Nature the basis of life, Empowerment of women, Irrigations projects, Rain harvesting Integrated crop Management, Vermin-culture, Bio-fertilizers importance of Natural fertilizers. Role of women in agriculture, agro-based industries, health and nutrition and eradication of anemia.The College should organize more outreach programmers in the areas of adult education, eradication of child labor and public health. More medical camps in surrounding villages will help poor people. Self-employment opportunities and entrepreneurship development among rural women is one area where the college could focus on. Legal awareness programmers should be conducted for women in the neighboring areas. Criterion IV: Infrastructure and Learning Resources The campus is spread over 38. 29 acres housing Velar College for Women, n Engineering College and a Higher Secondary School including hostels and playgrounds.It has ample built in space for the classrooms, laboratories, computer laboratories and administrative offices. The infrastructure includes spacious well ventilated classrooms, staff rooms, library, hostels, conference room, bank, non-resident student centre, canteen, vehicle parking shed, games room, play fields, NC room and co-operative stores. There is a very big auditorium With a seating capacity of 2500. The college has ample water supply; Uninterrupted power supply is ensured by having a powerful generator. Intercom and PACE facilitate effective and prompt communication.The building and infrastructural facilities appear to be well maintained. Campus is kept clean and beautiful. The physical infrastructure is put to use not only for college programmers but also for use by certain external agencies. Optimal use of infrastructure is made by the college. The time table is spread in such a way that classrooms and laboratories are used optimally. However, some departments need more space for housing their staff. The hostel may provide adequate study facilities for the students. The library is housed centrally in a separate building. There are around 34000 books.The library subscribes to 72 magazines and 22 journals. The number of foreign journals are three. More scientific journals may be added. It is advisable to allocate money for procuring more books to meet the growing requirements of the students. The college has three computer laboratories for Computer Science, BCC and MAC students. The total number of computers on the campus is 135. There should be central computer facility which could be used by all the faculties, since most of the departments do not have independent computer facility. Laboratories in the Science departments of Physics, Chemistry, Botany, andZoology are equipped and maintained for undergraduate students. However additional facilities have to be provided for research students and the staff if they have to pursue research. The college does not have an independent health centre. The students undergo a medical examination after they are admitted to the college. Hepatitis B Vaccine was given to the students and staff with assistance of Rotary club. Hostel inmates are provided medical facility by doctors visiting the hostel at periodic intervals. College has abundant space for providing physical and infrastructural facilities in sports and physical education.Courts, Play ground and equipment for outdoor games are available. Athletic events can be organized easily. Regular training facilities are available to the students. The college has produced many outstanding sportswomen who represented the College, university and State at different levels of competitions. Outstanding sportswomen are given admission in the sports quota. The management of the College recognizes good sportswomen with cash prizes and certificates. Facilities for indoor games are also available in the college and the hostel. There are 3 separate hostel blocks for GIG, PEG and Annex.There are 800 inmates in all the hostel blocks. Spacious kitchen and dining rooms are provided. There is a sick room with 4 beds. There is a canteen adjacent to the main block to cater to the needs of the students, staff and visitors. There is no guest house, but there are some guest rooms. On the whole the infrastructure facilities in the College are excellent. Criterion V: Student Support and Progression Though college is located in semi urban area, it mainly caters to the needs Of rural girl students. More than 800 girls from various parts seek admission in the college and pursue higher education.

The Manipulation Of Othello Essays - Othello, English-language Films

The Manipulation Of Othello The Manipulation of Othello William Shakespeare's Othello presents all of the elements of a great tragedy, according to Aristotle's definition: A tragedy is the imitation in dramatic form of an action that is serious and complete, with incidents arousing pity and fear wherewith it effects a catharsis of such emotions (Poetics 14) He also adds, The language used is pleasurable and throughout, appropriate to the situation in which it is used. The central features of the Aristotelian archetype are manifested in General Othello's character. Although Othello is great, he is not perfect. He has a tragic flaw, hubris (excessive pride and passion), and hamartia (some error), which lead to his downfall. However, Othello's misfortune is not wholly deserved. His punishment exceeds the crime, keeping him admirable in the theatergoer's eyes. Before Othello's tragic flaw results in his unfortunate death, he has increased awareness and gained self-knowledge or, as Aristotle describes it has experienced a discovery. (Poetics 1 5) All of this produces a catharsis or emotional release at the end of the play. A tragedy, when well performed, does not leave an audience in a state of depression but creates a shared, common experience. What causes Othello's downfall? Some critics claim that Othello's tragic flaw is his jealousy while others insist that jealousy is not part of his character, that the emotion takes over only when Iago pushes him to the brink of insanity. Evidence in the play supports the notion of insanity. Othello doesn't show himself to be jealous early in the play. It is not until Othello is manipulated by Iago's skillful lies that he is forced to confront his jealousy and mistrust. His love and trust of Iago serve to prove his gullibility, Jealousy and self-doubt poison his sensibilities and innocence, and the realization of his blind trust leads to his sorrowful end. As with most of Shakespeare's tragic heroes, Othello possesses all the virtues prescribed for the character type. He is of noble birth; he is self-controlled; he is religious; he has the respect of his men; and he demonstrates excellent leadership. His magnetism is what draws Venetian senators and soldiers alike and what captivates Desdemona. All of this supports the idea that he is not (at the play's opening) a jealous, enraged, or mad man. He has convincing self-esteem which he later loses to the deception of Iago's evil ploy. It can be noted that Othello's character flaw is his blind trust and naivet?. These character traits contribute to his misled downfall. It would be neglectful, if not irresponsible, to overlook Iago's role in the play. His hate for Othello and Cassio drives his evil motive through a string of lies affecting the entire cast. From the first act, the antagonist is troubled: I know my price, I am worth no worse a place. But he (as loving his own pride and purposes) Evades them with a bumbast circumstance Horribly stuff'd epithites of war, [And in conclusion,] Nonsuits my mediators; for, Certes, says he, I have already chose my officer. And what was he? Forsooth, a great arithmetician, One Michael Cassio, a Florentine (A fellow almost damn'd in a fair wife), That never set a squadron in the field, Nor the division of a battle knows (Othello. I.i.11-23) Iago never reveals his dissatisfaction with the military arrangement to Othello. Instead, he makes use of Othello's innocence and trust to satisfy his wicked end. He constantly boasts of his love for Othello and patronizes him regularly throughout the play. At Iago's first attempt to instill jealousy in the trusting Othello, he is successful. Othello's concern at Iago's implications entices him to learn more. Iago plays a verbal game with Othello to arouse suspicion. This piques Othello's interest and starts his mind to wonder. Iago is successful at the point he proclaims, O, beware, my lord, of jealousy! It is the green-ey'd monster which doth mock The meat it feeds on. That cuckold lives in bliss Who, certain of his fate, loves not his wronger; But O, what damned minutes tells he o'er Who dotes, yet doubts; suspects, yet [strongly] loves! (Othello. III.iii.163-168) One of the major qualities that comes to mind when assessing Othello is his trustfulness. He claims that Iago is a man of honesty and trust; To his conveyance I assign my wife (I.iii.286). Othello has no reason to