Micro economics 300 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Micro economics 300 - Essay Example This information is enough to draw the demand curve of this product because we have got three points. For example, p1=8 and q1=4; p2=6 and q2= 6; p3=4 and q3=8. This will appear on a graph as shown below (d) Tax imposition will increase the price of good 2. This will have a negative effect on good 2 because it will reduce its demand. This means it will affect the demand equation of good 2. Suppliers will transfer the tax on good 2 to customers in form of increased price of good 2. As per assumption ii, the good has a positive cross elasticity of demand i.e. more than one. This implies if the price of substitute goods increases, the demand of good x increases and the reverse is true. According to assumption iii, good x has got positive income elasticity of demand. That is the good is income elastic. If the disposable income of a consumer increases its demand increases and if it reduces, the demand will also reduce. (b) (i) Implies that the good is price elastic - if its price is reduced, there will be an increase in the quantity demanded, and if the price is increased, there will be a decrease in the quantity demanded. (ii) implies that if the customer’s disposable income increases the quantity demanded increases and vice versa. (iii Implies that if the price of substitute products increases, the quantity demanded for this product will increase and vice versa. A monopoly firm is never a price taker as in the case of perfect competition market. It has powers to set prices at the profit maximizing level. This occurs where the marginal cost (MC) equals marginal revenue (MR). Moving vertically to the demand curve, this will dictate the price and the quantity produced. Monopolies therefore end up making abnormal profits. Perfect competition market is price taker. This means that the forces of supply and demand dictate the price of

Biblical Worldview Essay Example for Free

Biblical Worldview Essay Introduction In Romans we learn so many aspects of Christian’s life. It tells us how we as Christian’s should view the natural world, our identity and our relationship with others, our culture, and civilization. There is so much more we could learn from this book. In Romans 1-8 we will find that the information in it is so much that we will not get the full meaning of all the things it is saying unless we look deeper into it. Romans 1-8 takes us from our total inability to walk in good works, to God’s faithfulness in justifying, sanctifying, and glorifying us by our faith through God’s grace. The Natural World We all know that God through his own words formed the natural world. God spoke the universe and everything that existence in it. As Christian’s we should know this because as believers, we believe the bible is a revelation of God and that it is not just a book written by human hands. Paul writes in Romans 1:20-21 â€Å"For since the creation of the world his invisible attributes are clearly seen, being understood by things that made, even in his eternal power and God head, so that they are without excuse, 21- because although they knew God, they did not glorify him as God nor were thankful, but became futile in their thoughts, and their foolish hearts were darkened†. God made everything and he is showing those that disrespect him in his face with their sin himself so that when they know that there is a God and he created everything. Human Identity Our human Identity of who we as a mankind is that we all were made in God’s image. God created us equally, but he also gives us the free will to choose to serve him or not. In Psalm 8:5 it says â€Å"For you have made him a little lower than the angels; and you have crowned him with glory and honor.† And in Genesis 2:15 â€Å"Then the Lord God took the man and put him in the Garden of Eden to tend and keep it.† We have many things that are wrong with us that we can’t fix, so we need Jesus to justify, sanctify, and glorify us. We need all three those that we can be connected to Christ, live life, server  him and when we die we will get to enjoy eternal heaven with him, and have everlasting life. Human Relationship In Romans 12:8 it says â€Å"he who exhorts, in exhortation; he who gives, with liberality; he who leads, with diligence; he shows mercy, with cheerfulness.† What that verse is saying to all Christians is that our ethic is based all on love. We as humans know that relationships very confusing and are hardest part of life. We all have a sin against own bodies and souls, but it is a sin that is against others who were created in God’s image. If you are going to steal from your neighbor you might as well steal from God. We were all created in his image and we need to love and respect others just like we would God. Culture Paul says in Romans 11 that God will save some in Israel because most of them were elect by the Patriarchs. Romans 12 says as Christians we are to live as a living sacrifice to Christ, while doing all these thing in love and showing our love to others through service. We as believers are to be humble and serve others with joy, as believers we are to work with others to Christ’s redemptive work. Christ is merciful, righteous, sovereign, and just God. He wants us to love another like he loves the world. Conclusion â€Å"No power in the sky above or in the earth below- indeed, nothing in all creation will ever be able to separate us from the love of God that is revealed in Christ Jesus our Lord Romans 8:39.† It’s so refreshing to know that I can always count on God to love me. Even when I’m unable to love myself God will. It is a wonderful feeling to know that I can have a relationship with God, where and whatever I do, or say or think will never make him not love me. God will always love and be with me no matter what. God wants us to live for him. He also wants us to lead others to him. References New King James Version Bible (NJKB)

Cluster Analysis in Marketing Research

Cluster Analysis in Marketing Research Q5. Describe cluster analysis with 2 examples related to marketing research? Ans: Cluster Analysis: It is the task of grouping a set of objects in such a way that objects in the same group are more similar to each other than to those in other groups. Example 1: Type of customers choose the restaurant Family, Entertainers, Singles etc Example 2: Type of customers that choose the restaurant based on their food choice. Vegetarian/Non vegetarian Mexican, Indian, South Indian, Fast food etc What are three characteristics of a good quality clustering analysis? Ans: The reason for asking question â€Å"Q: Type of customers that choose the restaurant based on their food choice. (Vegetarian/Non vegetarian)† Collection process of data objects. It helps me to understand the of customer’s food choice. Analysis of similarities between data objects Based on the data we can analyze which type of customers on their food choice â€Å"veg/non veg†. Veg is one group and non-veg is another. Can come up with good implementation of analysis (e.g. problem solving) Answer to the Survey can help us to understand the market demand and we can provide the similar food at the restaurant based on data gathered. Example: Q6. Describe Qualitative and quantitative research methods with one advantage and disadvantage of each. Ans: Qualitative research: The information gathered is non-numerical and might include responses to an open ended survey question, dialogue from a focus group, the answer to an essay question, a term paper, or ideas brainstormed by a group. Qualitative data is not limited to words, however, and could include the contents of an art or design portfolio. Qualitative research uses observation as the data collection method. Observation is the selection and recording of behaviors of people in their environment. Observation is useful for generating in-depth descriptions of organizations or events, for obtaining information that is otherwise inaccessible, and for conducting research when other methods are inadequate. Example: Why you like our restaurant, describe? Advantage of Qualitative research: Respondents are free to answer any way they would like comment/answer. One advantage of the qualitative approach is that contextual information is gathered when the data is collected. In other words, â€Å"why† is automatically answered/provided in the data. Qualitative research is useful on early stage when we are not sure about what to study. Disadvantage of Qualitative research: It is expensive and time consuming. It can take a long time to collect and analyze the data. For Interviews it would take 10+ hours to have hour long interviews with around 10 people and that does not include the time needed to schedule the interviews. Time taken for 1 interview = time taken for interview + time taken to schedule interview + time to analyze data (recordings and notes etc). Quantitative research All of the data collected would be counted or quantified. Example: Someone’s age, income, height or weight would be quantitative data Number of hits on a website The number of correct responses on a driving test The number of minutes per week Car fuel efficiency in KM. Advantage of Quantitative research: It is less expensive and an efficient method for gathering information especially for large groups of people. Online surveys are easy way to collect data from large groups of people. In restaurant we have large database of users through data collection. It is easy and cost effective to send and collect feedback through online surveys. The USA government collects Census information every 10 years. The government doesn’t try to interview everyone in the USA instead they mail out surveys to be completed a very efficient form of data collection. Disadvantage of Quantitative research It generally does not include an explanation of ‘why.’ For example, respondents are asked to â€Å"Rate the quality of staff services at the restaurant† using the following scale: â€Å"Excellent† , â€Å"Good† ,†Fine†, â€Å"Fair† ,or â€Å"Poor.† That question would generate quantitative data because we could count the number of people who selected each of the four response options. But knowing how many people found a quality of staff as â€Å"Excellent† does not provide any insights into why it is excellent. Also respondents are limited to set of options to respond and they may not feel that any of the options best describes their experience. Q7: Qualitative research. a) Depth Interview: Interviewing is a method ofqualitative researchin which the researcher asks open-ended questions orally and records the respondent’s answers. Example: Face to face / telephonic Job Interviews can be depth interviews. Interviewer starts with greeting by asking familiar set of general questions to create comfort level for interviewee/respondent. Q: How are you? Q: Where are you from? Q: Can you please describe yourself? Advantage: Accurate results. Better rapport. More productive asCompared with non-response among focus group members Flexible and continuous Disadvantage: It is costly and time consuming. Less structured. b) Focus Groups: Itis a form ofqualitative researchin which a group of people are asked about their perceptions, opinions, beliefs, and attitudes towards a product, service, concept, advertisement, idea, or packaging. One focus group watches another focus group and discusses the observed interactions and conclusion. Example: It is useful in marketing as important tool to acquiringfeedback regarding product/services. In social science it helps Interviewers to study people in a more natural conversation pattern than typically occurs in a one-to-one interview. Advantage: The face to face involvement of a moderator can ensure things on track. As everybody is under observation, so it is easy to make everybody fully engage even during free time. Disadvantage: Can be Biased [discussion can be dominated by a few people.] Group discussions can be difficult to steer and control. c) Projective Techniques: Originally developed to use in psychology. The use of vague, ambiguous, unstructured stimulus objects or situations in which the subject â€Å"projects† his or her personality, attitude, opinions and self-concept to give the situation some structure. Example: A personality test. Photo language Test. (using pictures). Advantage: Personality test is cost effective. (Only use paper and can be scored by hand or using a machine, can be taken home and returned later) Personality test is Objectivity (questions are mostly true/false) . Disadvantages: à ¯Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ · Sheer length. Untruth (e.g: With personality test objective, there is always possibility that test taker never tell the truth.) d) Random probability sampling: Example: Advantage: Disadvantage: Q8: Quantitative research. a) Face to Face interview: In person interaction between two or more persons. Face to face interviews are characterised by synchronous communication in time and place. Example: Surveys of product and services. Job Interviews are mostly face to face. Interviewer starts with greeting and then asks familiar set of general questions to create comfort level for interviewee/respondent. [Sample set of questions for survey] Q: hi Mam/Sir, How are you? [Greeting question] Q: Where are you from? [Greeting question] Q: How do you like our restaurant food? [Aimed Question] Advantage: High responsive, there is no significant time delay between question and answerà ¯Ã‚ ¼Ã…’the interviewer and interviewee can directly react on what the other says or does. The answer of the interviewee/respondent is more spontaneous. Interviewer can formulate questions depending upon response from interviewee. Recorded, can be used later if required. Disadvantage: Time Consuming. Expensive. Difficult to locate respondent. b) Telephone interview: Telephonic interviews are characterised by asynchronous communication for place. Example: Surveys Job Interviews. Telephone interviewsare often conducted by employers in the initial interview round of thehiring process. Starts with greeting then main set of questions related to product/service etc. [Sample set of questions for survey] Q: Am I speaking to Ajit? Q: Is it right time to talk? Q: I have few questions about Chawala’s Indian restaurant? Q: How do you like our restaurant staff? Advantage: It is a cost-effective. Saves time. Extendedaccess to participants The telephone interview allows both interviewee/respondent and interviewer to be in a morerelaxed state as compared with face to face. Wide geographical access. It enables researchers to contact populations that might be difficult to work with on an face to face basis for example mothers at home with small children, shift workers, computer addicts and people with disabilities. Disadvantage: Difficult to locate person. Difficult to see the reaction of the interviewee/respondent. No view on the situation in which the interviewee is situated. Disconnection due to technology issues. c) Computer Assisted Personal Interviewing: It is an interviewing technique in which the respondent or interviewer uses a computer to answer the questions. Example: Job interviews. Psychometric tests. [Sample set of questions for survey] Q: What is your age? Q: Male or female? Q: Rate of restaurant staff services? [Rate from 1[lower] to 5[higher]] Advantage: Cost effective and time saving. Respondents are able to fill in the questionnaires themselves Attractinga worldwide audience. Disadvantage: Surveysare only for computer savvy people. (Potential bias to the survey) Quality is missing (a question that should be interpreted in a particular way, but could also be interpreted differently) People don’t know or dislike typing. [Leave subjective questions unanswered] d) Web based Questionnaire: AWeb-based surveyis the collection of data through a self administered electronic set of questions on the Web Example: Many companies use survey monkey to get feedback for their product. Survey monkey is one of the sites which help in creating web based questionnaire. (https://www.surveymonkey.com/) [Sample set of questions for survey] Q: How old are you? Q: Are you male or female? Q: Do you like our restaurant? Advantage: It is cost effective and time saving. Large set of responses can be handled easily. Easy to create/manage (sites are self explanatory, eg: survery monkey). Disadvantage: Resources may not be available to everybody (computer, mobile, internet etc) Not everybody is aware of technology. People don’t know or dislike typing. [Leave subjective questions unanswered] Formulation of questions required lot of time, expertise and knowledge. Q1: How would you apply measurement method to this situation? A variable measured on a nominal scale is a variable that does not really have any evaluative distinction. Example: Would you like to recommend the restaurant to your friends? Yes/No The answer to the question has no evaluative distinction. How would you apply scaling methods to this situation? By using ordinal measurement scaling method to scale the situation. Ordinal: The ordinal scale has the property of both identity and magnitude Example: How would you rate the quality/taste of our food and drinks? (Rate from 1 – 5) 1 (Really Bad) 2 (Poor) 3 (Average) 4 (Good) 5 (Excellent) By asking this question I would be able to know the quality of the food provided at the restaurant. Q3: Primary Scales of measurement that that are used in Statistical analysis Nominal Ordinal Interval Ratio scales Nominal: The nominal scale of measurement only satisfies the identity property of measurement Example: What is your country of citizenship? The Country that someone was born in has no inherent order so it can only be a nominal scale. Ordinal: The ordinal scale has the property of both identity and magnitude. Example: Identify the scale of measurement for the following: Information Technology Company Organisation Titles – (1) CEO, (2) Manager, (3) Project Lead and (4) Team Lead. The scale is ordinal. There is an inherent ordering in that a CEO is higher than a Manager, which is higher than a Project Lead, which is higher than Team Lead. CEO > Manager > Project Lead > Team Lead Designation has Rank orders. Interval: The interval scale of measurement has the properties of identity, magnitude, and equal intervals. Example: Question: Time of the day. The difference between 4 and 5is equal to the difference between 18 and 19. Ratio Scales: The ratio scale of measurement satisfies all four of the properties of measurement: identity, magnitude, equal intervals, and a minimum value of zero. Example: What is Income earned last year? It has equal intervals weekly, biweekly and monthly etc. Salary can be zero. (For unemployed) Q4:Difference between comparative scaling and not comparative scaling techniques in the marketing research. Comparative Scaling: The items are directly compared with each other. Paired comparison: It is sometimes the case that marketing researchers wish to find out which are the most important factors in determining the demand for a product Example: Which restaurant/Food do you prefer? Dominos or Pizza hut Italian pizza or Cheese Pizza By asking this question first I would be able to analyze the choice of user. First the type of restaurant than the type of pizza. By asking this able to analyze the demand of product. Dollar Metric Comparisons This type of scale is an extension of the paired comparison method in that it requires respondents to indicate both their preference and how much they are willing to pay for their preference The Unity-sum-gain technique A common problem with launching new products is one of reaching a decision as to what options, and how many options one offers Example: Rate the mobile products (from 1 to 5): (1 is lower and 5 is higher) Apple Samsung Nokia LG Motorola By this I would be able to know which company is most preferred by the user and at what lever and help us is launching new product. Non Comparative scaling techniques: Each item is scaled independently of the others. Continuous rating scales: The respondents are asked to give a rating by placing a mark at the appropriate position on a continuous line. How would be rate our staff services? 1 (Really Bad) 2 (Poor) 3 (Average) 4 (Good) 5 (Excellent) By asking this question I would be able to understand get the rating on quality from 1 to 5. 1 is lower and 5 is higher. Line marking scale Itemised rating scales : With an itemised scale, respondents are provided with a scale having numbers and/or brief descriptions associated with each category and are asked to select one of the limited number of categories, ordered in terms of scale position, that best describes the product, brand, company or product attribute being studied. Example: How would you rate the price of food items in the menu ? Very Expensive Expensive Very good Good Cheap By asking this question to customer of the restaurant I would be able to analyze the rate of food listed in the menu.

Impact of Chinese Heritage on Maxine Hong Kingstons The Woman Warrior

Impact of Chinese Heritage on Maxine Hong Kingston's The Woman Warrior "Haunted by the power of images? I do feel that I go into madness and chaos. There's a journey of everything falling apart, even the meaning and the order that I can put on something by the writing." —Maxine Hong Kingston It is true that some dream in color, and some dream in black and white. Some dream in Sonic sounds, and some dream in silence. In Maxine Hong Kingston's literary works, the readers enter a soundless dream that is painted entirely in the color of black—different shades and blocks of pigments mixing and clashing with each other, opening up infinite possibilities for both beautiful if frightening nightmares and impossible dreams. An Asian-American writer growing up in a tight and traditional Chinese community in California, Kingston is placed by her background and time period to be at the unique nexus of an aged, stale social institution and a youthful, boisterous one. She has had to face life as an alien to the culture of the land she grew up in, as well as a last witness of some scattered and unspeakably tragic old ideals. She saw the sufferings and has suffered herself; but instead of living life demurely in the dark corner of the family room like she was expected to, Kingston became the first woman warrior to voice the plight of the mute females in both Chinese and American societies. The seemingly immeasurable and indeed unconquerable gap between the two fundamentally divided cultures comes together in herself and her largely autobiographical work The Woman Warrior: Memoirs of a Girlhood Among Ghosts. One of the most striking features about Kingston's writings in The Woman Warrior is her use of poignant imageries—ghosts, sil... ..., the dreams, the need to escape from social reality—they were what her heart saw growing up in that little forsaken old Chinese village in California, and they alone hold any deep significance to her and her writings. With a blazing desire to free the oppressed female voices, Kingston started with her own. Thus born The Woman Warrior, a chronicle of a Chinese American woman's personal sufferings and triumphs, of duplicities and truths, and of struggles and breakaways; a requiem for all the victims of the old culture whose soundless cries have not been heard and who died without a name, engulfed by the darkness and the silence. In her world then, at least, the failed heroine Fa Mu Lan is redeemed. Works Cited Kingston, Maxine Hong. The Woman Warrior: Memoirs of a Girlhood Among Ghosts. New York: Random House, 1975. Vintage International Edition, April 1989. Impact of Chinese Heritage on Maxine Hong Kingston's The Woman Warrior Impact of Chinese Heritage on Maxine Hong Kingston's The Woman Warrior "Haunted by the power of images? I do feel that I go into madness and chaos. There's a journey of everything falling apart, even the meaning and the order that I can put on something by the writing." —Maxine Hong Kingston It is true that some dream in color, and some dream in black and white. Some dream in Sonic sounds, and some dream in silence. In Maxine Hong Kingston's literary works, the readers enter a soundless dream that is painted entirely in the color of black—different shades and blocks of pigments mixing and clashing with each other, opening up infinite possibilities for both beautiful if frightening nightmares and impossible dreams. An Asian-American writer growing up in a tight and traditional Chinese community in California, Kingston is placed by her background and time period to be at the unique nexus of an aged, stale social institution and a youthful, boisterous one. She has had to face life as an alien to the culture of the land she grew up in, as well as a last witness of some scattered and unspeakably tragic old ideals. She saw the sufferings and has suffered herself; but instead of living life demurely in the dark corner of the family room like she was expected to, Kingston became the first woman warrior to voice the plight of the mute females in both Chinese and American societies. The seemingly immeasurable and indeed unconquerable gap between the two fundamentally divided cultures comes together in herself and her largely autobiographical work The Woman Warrior: Memoirs of a Girlhood Among Ghosts. One of the most striking features about Kingston's writings in The Woman Warrior is her use of poignant imageries—ghosts, sil... ..., the dreams, the need to escape from social reality—they were what her heart saw growing up in that little forsaken old Chinese village in California, and they alone hold any deep significance to her and her writings. With a blazing desire to free the oppressed female voices, Kingston started with her own. Thus born The Woman Warrior, a chronicle of a Chinese American woman's personal sufferings and triumphs, of duplicities and truths, and of struggles and breakaways; a requiem for all the victims of the old culture whose soundless cries have not been heard and who died without a name, engulfed by the darkness and the silence. In her world then, at least, the failed heroine Fa Mu Lan is redeemed. Works Cited Kingston, Maxine Hong. The Woman Warrior: Memoirs of a Girlhood Among Ghosts. New York: Random House, 1975. Vintage International Edition, April 1989.

History Essay Introduction Essay

STEP 1: Focusing your topic: In writing a research essay for history, you should first formulate an idea (a working thesis) about the focus of your research. This gives you a starting point to find source information. The thesis statement must address your assignment. Use keywords from your assignment to help formulate a working thesis statement. STEP 2: Research: Librarians are trained to assist you with finding appropriate sources, but keep in mind there are some types of sources that are NOT appropriate to use for a college level essay. These include sources like encyclopedias (including Wikipedia), textbooks, Answers.com, etc. (These are places to start if you have no information about the topic, but they are not reliable sources of research info). Evaluate any source (especially Internet sources) you plan to use in your essay in terms of the following: Accuracy–(Is the information in the source correct? Does it generally match up with information you’ve found in other sources on the same topic?) Authority–(Who claims responsibility for the information in the source? You would not use a paper written by a 6th grader as a source for a college level class) Objectivity—(Is the author objective or biased? Is there an agenda?) Currency–(Is the information up to date? For example, you wouldn’t want to use a book published in 1959 if you were writing an essay about how students use computers to do research) Coverage—(Is balanced information provided, or is the coverage one-sided or incomplete?) Use sources that contain information that will support the thesis statement of your essay. Don’t use sources that you do not understand. STEP 3: Writing the essay: An academic research essay contains the following elements: Introduction—This introduces the reader to the topic and makes a specific claim (the thesis statement) about the topic. This claim is what the body, or main part, of your essay will support and explain. Argument and Documentation: Often called the body of the essay. This should be several paragraphs/pages long and contains the topic sentences that provide supporting points for your thesis statement, examples from sources that illustrate your supporting points, and explanations of HOW the examples illustrate your supporting points. Conclusion: Wraps up your essay and is the appropriate place to include your opinions about the topic. ↠ A word about transitions: Use them. You should create smooth transitions between paragraphs. This is often done by repeating keywords from the thesis and/or by introducing the topic of the following paragraph in the last sentence of the preceding paragraph. Transitional terms such as â€Å"In addition,† Similarly,† and â€Å"However† also help create smooth transitions. Repetition of keywords and ideas creates transitions. 02/08 The parts of a history research essay: Introduction: This section of the essay introduces the reader to the topic and to your particular historical take on the topic. Some historians like to â€Å"set the scene† with an anecdote that illustrates something important or interesting, or which catches the interest of the reader and focuses it on the essay’s topic. Others prefer to state vital data and background to the topic (one example of this would be a biographical essay which starts with information about when and where a person was born, etc.) Many find it easier to write the introduction after they have written the body of the essay. Statement of Thesis: This commonly appears within the introduction, usually as the last sentence of the first paragraph. Your thesis should be clear and straightforward. If you cannot state your thesis statement succinctly, you may need to think more carefully about what you are trying to argue in your essay and focus your topic more clearly. Argument and Documentation: The bulk of your research essay will be your support of the thesis statement from your introductory paragraph. A â€Å"format† to use for supporting your thesis might be as follows: MAKE A POINT, in your own words, that supports your thesis idea. This is the topic sentence of a paragraph. PROVIDE AN EXAMPLE from a source. This might be done in the form of a quote (using the exact words the source uses and quotation marks– ex. â€Å"quote†) or a paraphrase (restating the idea in your own words—no quotation marks). Whether you quote or paraphrase, you need to CITE any information you obtain from a source, and you do this by inserting a parenthetical note that includes the author of the source’s last name and the page number(s) where the information appeared in the source. For MLA format, the information that goes into the parenthetical note—ex. (Smith 64)—is the first bit of information about that source that your reader will see on your Works Cited page, so it is usually the author’s last name. If you do not have an author’s name, use keywords from the title—ex. The title of the article is â€Å"Joan of Arc: Heroine or Heretic.† Your citation might be (â€Å"Joan† 86). If there are no page numbers, as is often the case with Internet sources, the same citation would be (â€Å"Joan†). [pic]An important part of developing your research writing is to EXPLAIN how the EXAMPLE you have used makes your POINT. This explanation is written in your own words and should clearly indicate how you see the example conveying the point/conclusion you’ve reached about the topic. Conclusion: The conclusion wraps up your essay and serves as an appropriate place to offer your own opinion, apply the research to present-day issues, or state the historic significance of the topic. Visit The Learning Center website at http://www.tridenttech.edu/664_2970.htm for links to handouts on using MLA format, using thesis statements and topic sentences, and avoiding plagiarism.

1NX51 CDC VREs Essays

1NX51 CDC VREs Essays 1NX51 CDC VREs Paper 1NX51 CDC VREs Paper (001) Word gets back to the operations center that a coalition aircraft was seen plummeting to earth with a smoke trail. Someone in the center says ?Guess the bad guys got those new SAMs.? Without any proof of this, what type of statement is this? Hypothesis (002) Which bias is an unconscious belief which influences the act of knowing or making a judgment call? Cognitive bias (003) Observing and building an argument to arrive at a conclusion is using Reason (004) If Sheila is Jack‘s mother and Sylvia is Jack‘s grandmother then Sheila is Sylvia‘s daughter is what element of reasoning? Inference (004) What type of question requires little to no reasoning? Fact (005) Which intellectual standard is how broad or narrow of a perspective the analyst may have when solving a problem? Breadth. (006) What agency is responsible to the President through the DNI? CIA (006) Who maintains operational control of all US military forces conducting SIGINT? DIRNSA (006) The Air Force‘s service cryptologic element is known as? AFISRA (006) What extension of NSOC enables commanders to deal with the SIGINT system on a rapid reliable basis? CSG (006) Who enables US global information superiority in peacetime as well as during hostilities? NRO (006) A captured enemy ground forces weapon system would likely be exploited by whom? National Ground Intelligence Center (006) The lead producer of global maritime intelligence is ONI (006) The mission of the MCSB is to Provide trained and deployable SIGINT Marines (007) During an international incident, a smaller skirmish has flared up. Which of the following will be created to handle this situation? Joint Task Force (007) JTF‘s may be established on a geographic or functional basis when the mission has a Specific limited objective not requiring centralized control (007) How many MAJCOMS are there in the USAF? 10 (007) Which of the following are the most predominant forces within a coalition force? US forces (008) Which discipline exploits the adversary‘s communications, revealing the their intentions? COMINT (008) SrA Snuffy is searching the internet for publicly available information that would fall under which of the following intelligence discipline? OSINT (008) Which intelligence discipline provides a valuable source of information for automated planning systems and precision guided munitions? GEOINT (008) What can be used to monitor potential adversary technical developments and deployments, as well as emerging weapons of mass destruction (WMD) threats? MASINT (008) Which intelligence discipline‘s collections methods would include gathering documents and other information from closed arms proliferation talks? HUMINT (008) The 1N3X1 specialty deals with what? Foreign languages (009) Which security program seeks to prevent adversaries from taking advantage of unclassified information? OPSEC (009) Information concerning or derived from intelligence sources, methods, or analytical processes which is required to be handles exclusively within formal access control systems is called? Sensitive Compartmented Information (009) The act of classifying a specific item of information on the basis that an original classification decision has already been made by an authorized OCA is known as what? Derivative classification (009) Which of the following documents is the standard for classifying information in the IC? EO 12958 (009) There is a new safe in the work center. When should the combination be changed? Immediately (009) A temporary working area will not be used to store SCI and will not be used in excess of 40 hours per month (009) In regards to recording the destruction of classified material, how many witnesses must sign the paperwork? 1 for Secret, 2 for Top Secret (010) Good physical health and what can prevent muscle strain and increase movement? Stretching (010) For proper lifting technique where should you bend your body? At your knees (010) At a properly configured work station, the top of the monitor should be Slightly below eye level (010) To avoid eye fatigue, every _____ minutes you should take your eyes off the monitor and focus them on another object at least _____ feet away. 20; 25 (011) Which term is one of the three integrated employment capabilities of IO? Network warfare operations (012) This capability is designed to affect behaviors, protect operations, communicate commander‘s intent and project accurate information to achieve desired effects across the cognitive domain. Influence Operations (012) Which domain is considered the area of human action which pertains to mental processes such as intellectual, learning, and problem solving? Cognitive (012) This operation is information gathered and activities conducted to protect against espionage, other intelligence activities, sabotage, or assassinations conducted by or on behalf of foreign governments or elements thereof, foreign organizations, or foreign persons or international terrorist activities? Counterintelligence (012) Which AF organization supports influence operations through CI that is designed to detect, destroy, neutralize, exploit or prevent espionage activities through identification, manipulation, deception, or repression of the adversary? Office of Special Investigations (013) This is the collecting of electromagnetic data for immediate tactical applications. Electronic warfare support (014) Airmen on computer networks have determined and reported to their commander the apparent intrusion of the AF networks by a known hacker and appropriate countermeasures are taken. This is an example of Net D (014) Which NW Ops activity requires close coordination with signals intelligence collection, processing, exploitation, and dissemination? NS (015) This is a critical function that helps provide the commander the situational and battle space awareness necessary to successfully plan and conduct operations. ISR (015) What encompasses information assurance, system and network management, and information dissemination management? NetOps (016) What type of operation may be employed during the pre-conflict phase of information operations? Broadcasting deceiving information into the enemy‘s territory (017) There are ___________ phases of the intelligence cycle. six (017) Embedded at the air component command level, an Airman working here would provide a supported commander critical interaction with NSA. AFNTI (018) An aircraft performing surveillance against a target while in international airspace is employing what technique to gather information? Standoff techniques (019) Where are the two continental core DCGS sites located? Virginia and California (020) Which division within the AOC would concentrate on long-range and near-term planning to achieve theater objectives? Strategy Division (020) Which division within the AOC is responsible for near-term air and space operations planning within 48 hours prior to ATO execution? Combat Plans Division (020) You and Captain Jones are on the offensive ops team and checking the ATO to make sure there are packages assigned to each target. What division are you working for? Combat Operations Division (020) An Army brigade commander has requested resupply and a C-17 has been tasked. Your job is to ensure the mission was executed. What AOC team are you in? Air Mobility Control Team (020) Under which division within the AOC would you find the ATO Production Team? Combat Plans Division (021) Who is the AOC‘s primary producer of actionable intelligence in support of air, space, and information operations? ACF (021) What team has the overall responsibility of producing the RSTA annex and coordinating with JFC collection managers regarding national collection? ISR Operations (021) What support element provides direct exploitation support to the AOC, and may be tasked to serve as a backup exploitation node? ISE (022) Which situational awareness is needed to develop patterns of behavior, constraints, and opportunities of geography, topography, cultures, environment, and forces that allows us to misdirect, predict and pre-empt our adversaries? Predictive battlespace awareness (023) What type of targeting is the procedure for attacking targets that have been detected, identified, and developed in sufficient time for them to become part of a scheduled ATO? Deliberate (023) HUMINT sources have tipped off the AOC that a known insurgent group is building Improvised Explosive Devices and plan on placing them on established US patrol routes. What phase of the kill chain would ISR assets be engaged in? Find (023) During which targeting process phase are collateral damage and ROE restrictions reviewed? Target (023) What is the most important step in the air targeting process? Commander‘s objectives, guidance, and intent (023) What targeting restriction includes legitimate military targets, but ones for which damage would impede friendly operations or violate existing ROE? Restricted targets (023) What targeting restriction includes schools, churches, hospitals, embassies, and other important cultural landmarks? No-strike facilities (024) Information that symbolizes bodies of water and drainage features is represented by which color? Blue (024) Aeronautical symbols are for the specific purpose of air navigation and planning air operations are shown in purple (024) Runways may be represented by a pattern and have the following information except length of the longest runway (in meters of kilometers) (024) Vertical obstructions must be at least this tall? 200 feet (024) This is the height of the highest known feature in a section of the map. Maximum Elevation Figure (024) What shows the geographic area that a map covers? Location diagram (025) __________ is the vertical angle from the equator while __________ is the angle measured from the prime meridian. latitude; longitude (025) The prime meridian is a north-south line and the zero reference line for which observations? Astronomical (026) An example of _______________ is using an AWACS to assist an ingressing package of F-15E STRIKE EAGLEs because their radars don‘t see as far. Synergy (027) The objective of joint intelligence operations is to integrate service and national intelligence capabilities (028) Tactics, techniques, and procedures (TTPs) are determined at what level of war? Tactical (028) An Intelligence Surveillance and Reconnaissance function at the strategic level of war is to research foreign weapons systems in order to provide force protection as a part of what overall role? Accurate, timely, and predictive intelligence (029) The overall goal of any operation, regardless of scale, is to pursue ___________ and to counter potential threats to US national security interests. US national policy objectives (029) Which of the following can be a single, small-scale, limited-duration operation or a significant part of a major operation of extended duration involving combat? Crisis response and limited contingency operation (030) Which type of planning occurs for real-world real-time emergencies? Crisis action (030) The commander‘s staff has produced a document that identifies forces and supplies required, and provides a schedule for moving resources. What is this document called? OPLAN (031) How many AEFs does the AF have? 10 (031) What is the normal life cycle of an AEF? 14-month normal training; 2-month prep; 4-month deployment/on-call (031) When will the AETF be forced to tap into resources from the AEFs in the current rotation? In-theater resources are not available (032) Which Army element is always on call and ready to deploy and reach location within _________. Quick Reaction Force; 18 hours (032) How long does the APS have to be in-place after the deployment order is issued? 45 days (033) A CSG may be involved in a variety of roles, but its MAIN objective is_____. obtaining and maintaining sea control (034) Marine Air Ground Task Forces retain their basic organizational structure because the elements train, work, and deploy together (035) Which is not a Joint Special Operations Task Force responsibility? Plan special operations autonomously (036) Which of the below is an example of a coalition operation? US military and Australian operation (037) Which is NOT one of the goals of the DoD personnel recovery program? Allowing enemies a potential source of intelligence (037) What task begins when the recovery force relinquishes physical control of previously isolated personnel? Reintegrate (038) What aircraft is designed specifically to replace the A-10, F-16, and F/A-18A/B? F-35 Lightning II (038) What is the most flexible airlift aircraft in the AF inventory? C-17 Globemaster III (039) What US Army system is mainly used to provide survivable and highly mobile fire support for armor and infantry troops? Self-propelled howitzers (040) What fleet is responsible for 52 million square miles of the Pacific and Indian Oceans? 7th Fleet (040) What is the basic building block of US Marine Corps operating forces? MAGTF (041) What special operations mission includes subversion? Unconventional Warfare (041) What special operations mission includes network and infrastructure attacks? Counterterrorism (002) Which of the following is a form of patterning by perceiving a similarity between events or things because of superficial features? Stereotyping